{"id":215,"date":"2022-12-04T22:55:38","date_gmt":"2022-12-04T22:55:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/?p=215"},"modified":"2022-12-04T22:55:38","modified_gmt":"2022-12-04T22:55:38","slug":"akym-jazykom-hovoria-v-turecku-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/akym-jazykom-hovoria-v-turecku-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Ak\u00fdm jazykom hovoria v Turecku?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/turcjawczasy.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/cropped-favicon-1.png?fit=512,512&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Ak\u00fdm jazykom hovoria v Turecku?\" title=\"Ak\u00fdm jazykom hovoria v Turecku?\" \/><\/div><div itemprop=\"text\">\n<p>Mo\u017eno sa p\u00fdtate, ak\u00fdm jazykom hovoria Turci.  Odpove\u010fou je ture\u010dtina, \u010do je turkick\u00fd jazyk, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 okolo 80 a\u017e 90 mili\u00f3nov roden\u00fdch hovoriacich.  Je to \u00faradn\u00fd jazyk Turecka a Severn\u00e9ho Cypru.  Je to popul\u00e1rny jazyk v Turecku a hovor\u00ed n\u00edm ve\u013ek\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina obyvate\u013estva.<\/p>\n<h2>tureck\u00fd<\/h2>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Learn Turkish in 25 Minutes - ALL the Basics You Need\" width=\"1080\" height=\"608\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YCu45ILtikE?feature=oembed\"  allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Ture\u010dtina je \u00faradn\u00fdm jazykom Tureckej republiky a juhoz\u00e1padn\u00fdm turkick\u00fdm jazykom.  Hovor\u00ed n\u00edm asi 85 mili\u00f3nov \u013eud\u00ed, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou v Turecku.  Tento jazyk m\u00e1 hist\u00f3riu, ktor\u00e1 siaha viac ako dve tis\u00edcro\u010dia.  Jazyk sa p\u00ed\u0161e upravenou latinskou abecedou, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 29 p\u00edsmen a osem samohl\u00e1sok.  M\u00e1 syst\u00e9m p\u00e1dov, ale \u017eiadne \u010dl\u00e1nky alebo rod, a namiesto podstatn\u00fdch mien pou\u017e\u00edva syst\u00e9m pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch mien.  Tureck\u00fd slovosled je opakom anglick\u00e9ho slovosledu.<\/p>\n<p>Ture\u010dtina je aglutina\u010dn\u00fd jazyk pr\u00edbuzn\u00fd ma\u010far\u010dine a f\u00edn\u010dine.  To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ku kore\u0148ov\u00fdm slov\u00e1m prid\u00e1va pr\u00edpony na vyjadrenie gramatick\u00fdch funkci\u00ed.  V\u00fdsledkom je, \u017ee jedin\u00e9 tureck\u00e9 slovo m\u00f4\u017ee vyjadri\u0165 v\u00fdznam anglickej vety.  Pr\u00edklady tak\u00fdchto tureck\u00fdch slov s\u00fa \u201epr\u00eds\u0165\u201c, \u201enie\u201c, \u201emy\u201c a \u201eoni\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Hovori\u0165 po turecky je skvel\u00fd sp\u00f4sob, ako roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 svoje obchodn\u00e9 pr\u00edle\u017eitosti v Turecku a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch krajin\u00e1ch Bl\u00edzkeho v\u00fdchodu.  Krajina m\u00e1 16. najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu ekonomiku na svete a r\u00fdchlo expanduje.  M\u00e1 geografick\u00e9 v\u00e4zby s mnoh\u00fdmi krajinami a vl\u00e1da USA h\u013ead\u00e1 viac americk\u00fdch ob\u010danov, ktor\u00ed by pracovali v Turecku.<\/p>\n<h2>Jazyk Kurmanji v Turecku<\/h2>\n<p>Kurmanji je jazyk, ktor\u00fdm hovoria Kurdi v Turecku.  Hoci je ture\u010dtina ofici\u00e1lnym jazykom Turecka, Kurdi hovoria vlastn\u00fdm jazykom.  V skuto\u010dnosti Kurdi tvoria najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu netureck\u00fa etnick\u00fa skupinu v krajine.  Hoci tureck\u00e1 vl\u00e1da akt\u00edvne nepodporuje pou\u017e\u00edvanie Kurmanji, pou\u017e\u00edva sa v mnoh\u00fdch s\u00fakromn\u00fdch organiz\u00e1ci\u00e1ch a \u0161kol\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1kladn\u00fdmi znakmi jazyka s\u00fa jeho samohl\u00e1sky a spoluhl\u00e1sky.  V Kurmanji je osem samohl\u00e1sok, \u010do zodpoved\u00e1 \u00f4smim samohl\u00e1sk\u00e1m v Sorani.  Tento jazyk m\u00e1 aj fon\u00e9mu naz\u00fdvan\u00fa \u201eae\u201c, ktor\u00e1 sa p\u00ed\u0161e p\u00edsmenom \u201ee\u201c.  Zvuk je viac podobn\u00fd anglick\u00e9mu p\u00edsmenu \u201ee\u201c a fon\u00e9ma je tomu bl\u00edzka.<\/p>\n<p>Podstatn\u00e9 men\u00e1 v ozna\u010den\u00ed vitr\u00edny Kurmanji, rovnako ako z\u00e1men\u00e1.  Kurmanji pou\u017e\u00edva nominat\u00edvne aj \u0161ikm\u00e9 p\u00e1dy.  V minulosti mal agent \u0161ikm\u00fd pr\u00edpad, zatia\u013e \u010do pacient mal nomina\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edpad.<\/p>\n<h2>Ladin\u010dina v Turecku<\/h2>\n<p>V Turecku ladin\u010dinou hovoria potomkovia \u017didov zo \u0160panielska.  Tento jazyk je v niektor\u00fdch smeroch podobn\u00fd \u0161paniel\u010dine.  Je to rom\u00e1nsky jazyk s bohatou hist\u00f3riou literat\u00fary.  Je spoluofici\u00e1lny s angli\u010dtinou v \u0161t\u00e1te Nov\u00e9 Mexiko.  \u0160iroko sa n\u00edm hovor\u00ed aj v New Yorku, kde \u017eije po\u010detn\u00e1 portorick\u00e1 popul\u00e1cia.  Na juhu Floridy t\u00fdmto jazykom hovoria aj kub\u00e1nski pris\u0165ahovalci.  Turecko a Izrael s\u00fa tie\u017e domovom \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed hovoria ladinskou varietou \u0161paniel\u010diny.<\/p>\n<h2>Arabsk\u00fd jazyk v Turecku<\/h2>\n<p>Arab\u010dina je jedn\u00fdm z najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161\u00edch jazykov na Bl\u00edzkom v\u00fdchode.  Turecko sa nach\u00e1dza v bl\u00edzkosti preva\u017ene arabsk\u00fdch kraj\u00edn Ir\u00e1nu a S\u00fdrie.  Dialekt arab\u010diny, ktor\u00fdm sa hovor\u00ed v Turecku, je zn\u00e1my ako mezopot\u00e1mska arab\u010dina a hovor\u00ed sa n\u00edm aj v \u010dastiach Iraku a severnej S\u00fdrie.  Je to starovek\u00fd jazyk, ktor\u00fdm sa hovorilo v Mezopot\u00e1mii.  V Turecku n\u00edm hovoria asi dva mili\u00f3ny \u013eud\u00ed.  Arabsky v\u0161ak hovor\u00ed len jedno a\u017e dve percent\u00e1 roden\u00fdch tureck\u00fdch hovorcov.<\/p>\n<p>Zatia\u013e \u010do ture\u010dtina je \u00faradn\u00fdm jazykom, mnoh\u00ed Turci hovoria aj in\u00fdmi jazykmi, ako je kurd\u010dina a arab\u010dina.  Hoci pou\u017e\u00edvanie \u00faradn\u00e9ho jazyka ture\u010dtiny obmedzilo pou\u017e\u00edvanie ostatn\u00fdch jazykov, vl\u00e1da pracuje na ich zachovan\u00ed ako s\u00fa\u010dasti kult\u00farneho dedi\u010dstva krajiny.  Tu je nieko\u013eko sp\u00f4sobov, ako sa nau\u010di\u0165 arabsky v Turecku.<\/p>\n<p>V roku 1973 Valn\u00e9 zhroma\u017edenie Organiz\u00e1cie Spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rodov vyhl\u00e1silo arab\u010dinu za \u0161iesty \u00faradn\u00fd jazyk.  Pri pr\u00edle\u017eitosti tejto historickej udalosti usporiadalo Turecko nieko\u013eko podujat\u00ed.  Napr\u00edklad Katedra cudz\u00edch jazykov na Gazi University usporiadala program, ktor\u00fd zah\u0155\u0148al b\u00e1sne, piesne a n\u00e1\u010drty v arab\u010dine.  Podujatie bolo oslavou arabsk\u00e9ho jazyka.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on the_content -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mo\u017eno sa p\u00fdtate, ak\u00fdm jazykom hovoria Turci. Odpove\u010fou je ture\u010dtina, \u010do je turkick\u00fd jazyk, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 okolo 80 a\u017e 90 mili\u00f3nov roden\u00fdch hovoriacich. Je to \u00faradn\u00fd jazyk Turecka a Severn\u00e9ho Cypru. Je to popul\u00e1rny jazyk v Turecku a hovor\u00ed n\u00edm ve\u013ek\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina obyvate\u013estva. tureck\u00fd Ture\u010dtina je \u00faradn\u00fdm jazykom Tureckej republiky a juhoz\u00e1padn\u00fdm turkick\u00fdm jazykom. Hovor\u00ed [&hellip;]<!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":216,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/turcjawczasy.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/cropped-favicon-1.png?fit=512,512&ssl=1","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dovolenka"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/turcjawczasy.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/cropped-favicon-1.png?fit=512,512&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":213,"url":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/ma-turecko-letny-cas-2\/\/","url_meta":{"origin":215,"position":0},"title":"M\u00e1 Turecko letn\u00fd \u010das?","author":"","date":"December 4, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=215"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/215\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":217,"href":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/215\/revisions\/217"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/216"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turcjawczasy.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}